### Year 3 Mathematics Lesson Plan: Addition and Subtraction (Three-Digit Numbers)
#### Duration: 60 minutes
#### Learning Objectives:
1. Understand the concept of addition and subtraction with three-digit numbers.
2. Perform addition and subtraction with three-digit numbers accurately.
3. Develop mental and written strategies to solve addition and subtraction problems.
#### Materials Needed:
- Whiteboard and markers
- Number cards
- Place value charts
- Printed worksheets with addition and subtraction problems
- Maths manipulatives (e.g., base-10 blocks)
- Pencils and erasers
#### Lesson Structure:
##### Introduction (10 minutes)
1. **Warm-Up Activity:**
- Begin with a quick mental maths game to refresh students' memories of basic addition and subtraction facts. For example, use a number line to quickly solve single-digit addition and subtraction problems.
- Ask students to volunteer a few quick answers on a whiteboard.
2. **Learning Intention:**
- Explain that today we will be learning how to add and subtract three-digit numbers.
- Write the learning intention on the whiteboard: "We are learning to add and subtract three-digit numbers."
##### Main Teaching Activities (30 minutes)
1. **Direct Instruction (10 minutes):**
- Use the whiteboard to demonstrate the addition of two three-digit numbers (e.g., 243 + 165).
- Break it down step-by-step, using place value charts and base-10 blocks if necessary.
- Emphasize the importance of lining up numbers by their place value (units, tens, hundreds).
- Repeat the process with subtraction, highlighting the concept of 'borrowing' or 'regrouping' if necessary (e.g., 523 - 178).
2. **Guided Practice (10 minutes):**
- Distribute place value charts and base-10 blocks to students. Pair them up.
- Give each pair a set of three-digit addition and subtraction problems to solve using their materials.
- Circulate around the classroom to provide support and check for understanding.
3. **Independent Practice (10 minutes):**
- Distribute printed worksheets with a series of three-digit addition and subtraction problems.
- Instruct students to solve these problems independently using the strategies discussed.
- Encourage students to check their work for accuracy.
##### Plenary (10 minutes)
1. **Review and Reflect:**
- Ask a few students to share the strategies they used to solve their problems.
- Discuss any common challenges and how they can be overcome.
- Revisit the learning objective and check if it has been achieved. Pose questions like: "Can someone show how to add 342 and 158 on the whiteboard?" or "How would you solve 476 minus 239?"
2. **Extension Activity:**
- For students who finish early or grasp the concept quickly, provide more challenging problems that involve multiple steps or incorporate word problems.
##### Conclusion (5 minutes)
1. **Recap:**
- Summarize the key points of the lesson.
- Remind students why it's important to line up numbers correctly by their place value.
2. **Homework:**
- Assign a few additional problems for homework to reinforce the day's learning.
- Encourage students to explain their solving process to a family member.
##### Assessment:
- During guided practice, observe and take notes on student participation and problem-solving strategies.
- Collect and review the independent practice worksheets to check for understanding and accuracy.
- Use the plenary discussion to assess comprehension and address any remaining issues.
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This lesson plan aims to combine direct teaching with hands-on activities to enhance the understanding of addition and subtraction of three-digit numbers. It also incorporates different learning methods to cater to diverse student needs.